Introduction
Amazon EC2 provides virtual server capacity; hundreds of instance types offer different CPU, memory, network, and storage balance. Wrong type choice leads to cost increase or performance bottleneck.
Instance naming: m7g.xlarge = family (m) + generation (7) + feature (g=Graviton) + size (xlarge).
This guide covers main families, sizing methodology, and cost optimization.
General Purpose (M, T)
M series balanced CPU/memory; ideal for web servers, app tier. m7i Intel, m7g Graviton3 ARM usually better price/performance.
T series (t3, t4g) burstable; accumulates CPU credits. Good for low average CPU, short spikes (dev, small API).
- m7g: Graviton3, genel amaçlı
- t4g: burstable, düşük maliyet
- m7i: Intel, uyumluluk gerektiğinde
- Boyut: nano'dan 24xlarge'a
aws ec2 describe-instance-types \
--filters Name=instance-type,Values=m7g.* \
--query 'InstanceTypes[*].[InstanceType,VCpuInfo.DefaultVCpus,MemoryInfo.SizeInMiB]'Compute Optimized (C)
C series high CPU ratio; batch processing, video encoding, game servers, scientific computing.
c7g Graviton3 compute optimized; c7i Intel alternative.
# CPU-bound workload test
stress-ng --cpu 4 --timeout 60s
# CloudWatch CPUUtilization > 70% sürekli → C serisine geçişMemory Optimized (R, X)
R series large memory; databases, in-memory cache, Spark. r7g 8 GiB RAM per vCPU.
X series (x2iedn) extreme memory; SAP HANA, large databases.
Storage Optimized (I, D)
I series high IOPS NVMe; NoSQL, data warehouse. D series dense storage.
On EBS-only instances storage is separate; instance store is ephemeral and fast.
- Web/API: M veya T
- DB/cache: R
- Batch/ML training: C veya P/G
- NoSQL yüksek IOPS: I
Sizing and Benchmark
Start from current server CPU/RAM profile. Monitor CloudWatch metrics for 2 weeks. Compute Optimizer provides recommendations.
Validate with load test; right-size in production. Reserved Instance or Savings Plan reduces long-term cost.
Graviton (ARM) instance'ları önce değerlendirin; çoğu Linux workload %20-40 daha ucuz çalışır.
Cost Optimization
Spot Instance up to 90% off for interruption-tolerant work. Savings Plan 1-3 year commitment. Right-sizing shrinks underutilized instances.
AWS Cost Explorer and Trusted Advisor show underutilized resources.
aws ce get-rightsizing-recommendation
aws ec2 describe-spot-price-history --instance-types m7g.largeConclusion
EC2 type selection must be based on workload profile. M/T for general start, C for CPU, R for memory, I for storage. Graviton and right-sizing reduce cost.
Monitor metrics, use Compute Optimizer, plan Reserved/Spot strategy.